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Liquid Natural Gas
Liquefied natural gas or LNG is natural gas (primarily methane , CH4) that has been converted to liquid form for ease of storage or transport. Liquefied natural gas takes up about 1/600th the volume of natural gas at a stove burner tip. It is odorless, colorless , non-toxic and non-corrosive. The liquefication process involves removal of certain components, such as dust, helium , water, and heavy hydrocarbons, which could cause difficulty downstream. The natural gas is then condensed into a liquid at close to atmospheric pressure (Maximum Transport Pressure set around 25 kPa (3.6 psi )) by cooling it to approximately -163 °C (-260 °F). The reduction in volume makes it much more cost-efficient to transport over long distances where pipelines do not exist. Where moving natural gas by pipelines is not possible or economical, it can be transported by specially designed cryogenic sea vessels (LNG carriers) or cryogenic road tankers.
ANNEX 1: GUARANTEED SPECIFICATIONS LNG:
GROSS HEATING VALUE (VOLUME BASED):
- MINIMUM: 1050Btu/SCF
- MAXIMUM: 1170Btu/SCF
HYDROCARBON COMPOSITION AND NITROGEN CONTENT WITHIN THE FOLLOWING RANGE:
- METHANE: 85.00 MOL % MINIMUM
- BUTANES AND HEAVIER: 2.0 MOL % MAXIMUM
- PENTANES AND HEAVIER: 0.10 MOL % MAXIMUM
- NITROGEN: 1.00 MOL % MAXIMUM
IMPURITIES WITH THE FOLLOWING RANGE:
- HYDROGEN SULPHIDE: 4.8MG/Nm3 MAXIMUM
- TOTAL SULPHUR: 28.0MG/Nm3 MAXIMUM
Solids and other impurities:
NONE AS SUCH QUANTITIES AS SHALL INTERFARE WITH RECEIPT AND TRANSPORTATION OF LNG, OR THE USE OF LNG AS NATURAL GAS.
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